El artículo tiene la finalidad de explicar las dificultades existentes cuando las interpretaciones filosóficas sobre los hechos del pasado se basan en marcos conceptuales contemporáneos. En especial, cuando la intención de los autores se centra en tratar encajar los acontecimientos del pasado a lenguajes políticos modernos. Para alcanzar tal fin, me sirvo de las narraciones filosóficas dedicadas a la independencia de la Nueva España; en especial, la que efectúa el filósofo Enrique Dussel en su libro Política de la liberación. Mi (...) intención es vislumbrar los problemas hermenéuticos profundos cuando la intención de los autores se centra en realizar lecturas políticas del pasado, en vez de tratar de comprender los mundos de la vida de épocas pretéritas. (shrink)

"La filosofía en Puerto Rico: los transterrados reúne varios estudios sobre filófofos extranjeros que en algún momento decidieron compartir su vida, su enseñanza y sus trabajos académicos con los habitantes de esta bella y hospitalaria Isla de Puerto Rico. La presente es una obra en la cual han colaborado varios autores: Manfre Kerkhoff, Antonio Mansilla Triviño, Juan José Sánchez, Luis Ramírez, José Rivera y Carlos Rojas Osorio, quien estuvo a cargo la iniciativa, el plan de la obra y (...) la edición."--Cubierta. (shrink)

Libro reseñado: Lo Uno y la Diada indefinida en Plotino. El kairós como el momentum de la procesión plotiniana. Autor: Rubén Soto Rivera.

We draw from upper echelons theory to investigate whether the presence of a chief sustainability officer (CSO) is associated with better corporate environmental performance in highly polluting industries. Such firms are under strong pressure to remediate environmental damage, to comply with regulations, and to even exceed environmental standards. CSOs in these firms are likely to be hired as legitimate agents to lead and successfully implement environmental strategy aimed at reducing pollution levels. Interestingly and contrary to our expectations, we found that (...) the presence of a CSO is associated with higher levels of pollution emissions. Nonetheless, we found that the CSO has a positive influence on a firm’s environmental performance if faced with strict environmental regulations. We argue that the enforcement of environmental regulations enhances monitoring and accountability of pollution emissions. The sample for this study comprised all the S&P 500 firms required by the Environmental Protection Agency to annually report their toxic emissions to the Toxic Release Inventory. Data were collected for a 6-year period from 2006 to 2011. We used a panel data regression and employed propensity score matching to correct for potential endogeneity problems. (shrink)

The fruit borne of the debate concerning the economy of the gift carried out between Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Marion in the 1990s continues to ripen into the present with publications like Anthony Steinbock’s lucid It’s not about the Gift: From Givenness to Loving. I challenge and qualify the fundamental argument of this book in dialogue with two principal French proponents of givenness, Michel Henry and Jean-Luc Marion, against whom Steinbock promotes his strategy of the gift. While Steinbock wishes to (...) displace our relation to the other from giving to loving, I suggest that the discourse of givenness remains the very movement of loving as such. Steinbock occupies a position reminiscent of, but not reducible to, gift-exchange theory, rooted in reciprocity between lover and beloved, whereas I am inclined to move near to the terrain of the unconditioned gift in which loving need not entail reciprocity. My position is not so much a counterclaim as it is a clarification of the inextricable unity between giving and loving. The final section contends that the I enlarge my horizon when I give myself because I do not grasp the other, nor do I expect or obligate the other’s givenness in return; rather in my growth beyond my own self-interest, I allow the other to be given just as the other likes to be given. (shrink)

El holismo intencional captura rasgos intuitivos de nuestra vida mental, pero no explica cómo es posible la comunicación entre agentes. Aceptar el holismo parcial o molecularismo intencional como solución al problema, invoca la distinción entre juicios analíticos y sintéticos. En este artículo se propone que es consistente sostener el molecularismo, el rechazo a la distinción analítico/sintético y la posibilidad de la comunicación. Se defiende que la argumentación de Brandom para hacer consistentes las tres tesis presenta problemas metodológicos. Además, se proponen (...) dos criterios que identifican la capacidad de una creencia para individuar el contenido de otras creencias, sin apelar a la distinción analítico/sintético. (shrink)

Consensual homicide remains a crime in jurisdictions where active voluntary euthanasia has been legalized. At the same time, both jurisdictions, in which euthanasia is legal and those in which it is not, recognize that all patients (whether severely ill or not) have the right to refuse or withdraw medical treatment (including life-saving treatment). In this paper, I focus on the tensions between these three norms (the permission of active euthanasia, the permission to reject life-saving treatment, and the prohibition of consensual (...) homicide), assuming a justification of euthanasia based on the right to (personal) autonomy. I argue that the best way to provide a coherent account of these norms is to claim that patients have two distinct rights: the right to autonomy and the right to bodily integrity. This solution has some relevant implications for the discussion of the legalization of active euthanasia. (shrink)

This article examines the phenomenological structures of the homo temporalis filtered through Augustine's illuminating, if unsystematic, insights on temporality and the imago Dei. It situates such a phenomenological interpretation of the Augustinian self in view of current interpretations that polarize or split the Augustinian self into an either/or scheme—either an “interior” self or an “exterior” self. Given this imbalance, the article suggests that a phenomenological evaluation of Augustine brings to light how interior and exterior spheres are deeply integrated. The article (...) elaborates this position by contending that the self's temporal streaming within the exterior world‐horizon is inescapable because it reflects basic constituents of a self created by God which is nevertheless capable of contemplating a God who transcends time. This seeming paradox is resolved by recourse to what is described as the “double entry” of the self. The temporal streaming of the self in the world‐horizon is porous to the eternal inwardly ; the eternal entry is thus interior and analyzable in terms of a non‐reflective self‐awareness on display in Augustine's De Trinitate; and finally Augustine's understanding of the temporality of faith indicates how the self of faith can be lived in light of Heidegger's emphasis on the future and Husserl's emphasis on the past. (shrink)

Beneficence is usually regarded as adequate when it results in an actual benefit for a beneficiary and satisfies her self-chosen end. However, beneficence that satisfies these conditions can harm beneficiaries' free agency, particularly when they are robustly dependent on benefactors. First, the means that benefactors choose can have undesirable side-effects on resources that beneficiaries need for future free action. Second, benefactors may undermine beneficiaries' ability to freely deliberate and choose. It is therefore insufficient to satisfy someone's self-chosen ends. Instead, good (...) beneficence depends on whether the benefactor avoids undue influence over a beneficiary's deliberation and whether the choice of means is compatible with the beneficiary's conception of her good. Consequently, benefactors must have substantial respect for a beneficiary's free agency and the practical competence to choose means that take into account the beneficiary's conception of her good and the wider set of circumstances that influence her life. (shrink)

In this paper I focus on a central phenomenological concept in Michel Henry’s work that has often been neglected: generation. Generation becomes an especially important conceptual key to understanding not only the relationship between God and human self but also Henry’s adoption of radical interiority and his critical standpoint with respect to much of the phenomenological tradition in which he is working. Thus in pursuing the theme of generation, I shall introduce many phenomenological-theological terms in Henry’s trilogy on Christianity as (...) well as how he understands the relationship between phenomenology and theology. In the final sections of the paper, I turn to positively defining Henry’s notion of divine generation and examine the theological implications of it in light of his confrontation and rejection of the doctrine of creation in the book of Genesis found in his book, Incarnation: une philosophie de la chair. Humans are not created but are eternally generated, a bold claim that brings Henry to the brink of a kind of interiorized pantheism or Gnostic dualism. Finally, I offer some critical comments specifically about Henry’s doctrine of generation in light of the tension between auto-affection and hetero-affection and thus how one might think after Henry in light of the basic Augustinian theological distinction between self and God and the intentionality of faith opened up by that distinction. (shrink)

This text tries to give some initial scopes for a constructivist approach to political philosophy and social organization based on the fact of friendship; particularly in the greeting taken as an event of friendship. The mere greeting, the most basic approach to empathy, would be the happening of a world, of a whole world characterized by its demand to be, to be realized and preserved. This requirement would come from an unfathomable archaic background, which would be accessible in the idea (...) of ​​the number of friends. It is an aporia that shows both the open, but not infinite, character of a reference group based on the tenderness of something common. (shrink)

This chapter focuses on one of the common fallacies in Western philosophy called the historian's fallacy (HF). In HF, the writing of a historical event has been skewed by way of biased hindsight on the author's part. The historian has written the details of the event down in such a way that the facts of the event, only seen after the event has occurred, cause the initial event to become distorted. HF should not be confused with a method historians use (...) in the present day when documenting the past. This is called presentism, a mode of historical analysis in which present‐day ideas are projected into the past. Another issue to address is that HF should not be confused with historical fallacy. One commits the historical fallacy when one reads into a process the results that occur because of that process. (shrink)

In this paper the author reflects upon the past, the present and the future of philosophical education within the framework of a democratic mode of living, integrating three levels of argumentation: an autobiographic level, triggered by the encounter with an old school notebook that belonged to the author’s father; a conceptual level, in which the author recalls John Dewey’s pragmatist approach to philosophy; and a descriptive and proactive level, in which the author examines recent developments concerning the teaching of philosophy (...) and proposes a perspective on philosophical education in tune with these. The author underscores the importance of different displacements and transformations undergone by the practice of teaching philosophy during the last century, and sets up a contrast between the old practices, intended to provide a “correct view of the world”, and the urge for philosophy to provide a critique of society and knowledge. In this way, the author draws on Dewey’s ideal, according to which philosophy should carry out both a critique and a reconstruction of present experience. Finally, the author sets forth ten challenges for future philosophical education. (shrink)

Resumen: La problematización de la relación entre individuo y sociedad ha atravesado la historia de las ciencias sociales. El objetivo de este escrito es mostrar la originalidad de los planteamientos de Freud sobre el tópico, a través de un análisis comparativo con las aproximaciones propias de las corrientes socioantropológicas de la escuela de Cultura y Personalidad y de la Sociología Francesa. Nuestra investigación se basó en un análisis bibliográfico tanto de algunos textos socioantropológicos claves sobre dicho debate, como de la (...) producción freudiana pertinente. La interpretación del material freudiano se organizó según tres tópicos: a) la afirmación de la determinación simbólica del síntoma, b) la borradura metodológica de la distinción individuo sociedad, y c) la teorización de una eficacia mítica, transindividual y transhistórica. Concluimos subrayando los aportes del pensamiento de Freud a la discusión: la afirmación de la determinación simbólica ofrece las condiciones para la superación de la relación de externalidad entre el polo del individuo y el de la sociedad, y el consecuente rechazo a una relación especular entre ambos. (shrink)

Resumen: La problematización de la relación entre individuo y sociedad ha atravesado la historia de las ciencias sociales. El objetivo de este escrito es mostrar la originalidad de los planteamientos de Freud sobre el tópico, a través de un análisis comparativo con las aproximaciones propias de las corrientes socioantropológicas de la escuela de Cultura y Personalidad y de la Sociología Francesa. Nuestra investigación se basó en un análisis bibliográfico tanto de algunos textos socioantropológicos claves sobre dicho debate, como de la (...) producción freudiana pertinente. La interpretación del material freudiano se organizó según tres tópicos: a) la afirmación de la determinación simbólica del síntoma, b) la borradura metodológica de la distinción individuo sociedad, y c) la teorización de una eficacia mítica, transindividual y transhistórica. Concluimos subrayando los aportes del pensamiento de Freud a la discusión: la afirmación de la determinación simbólica ofrece las condiciones para la superación de la relación de externalidad entre el polo del individuo y el de la sociedad, y el consecuente rechazo a una relación especular entre ambos.: The relation between individual and society has been a main topic across the history of social sciences. The aim of this paper is to show the originality of Sigmund Freud's ideas about the topic, through a comparative analysis with the approaches of the socio-anthropological currents of the school of Culture and Personality and of French Sociology. Our research was based on a bibliographical analysis of some key socio-anthropological texts on this debate, as well as the relevant Freudian production. The interpretation of the Freudian material was organized according to three topics: a) the affirmation of the symbolic determination of symptoms, b) the methodological erasure of the individual society distinction, and c) the theorization of a mythical, transindividual and transhistorical efficacy. We conclude by emphasizing the contributions of Freud's thought to the discussion: the affirmation of symbolic determination offers the conditions for overcoming the externality relation between the pole of the individual and that of society, and the consequent rejection of a specular relationship between the two. (shrink)

The question of God or the Divine has essential influenced the development of Fichtian thinking and guided it from transcendental I as the first principle in the Jena period to absolute being or God and his absolute phenomenon or manifestation. The turning point came with the so-called atheism dispute due to his article »On the Ground of our Belief in a divine World-Governance«, which caused him so much trouble. In this article, Fichte defended the idea that the divine is not (...) a substance or object, not a person, so no theistic God, but the moral order – a notion that could not be accepted by the Christian Church. The criticism that he is either atheist or pantheist or nihilist or a merely subjective thinker has greatly hit him and changed his horizon of thought in line with the new more religious spirit of his cultural environment.Die Frage nach Gott oder nach dem Göttlichen hat die Entwicklung des Fichtischen Denkens grundsätzlich beeinflusst, und vom transzendentalen Ich als erstem Prinzip in seiner Jenaer Zeit zum absoluten Sein oder Gott und seiner absoluten Erscheinung geführt. Der Wendepunkt kam mit dem sogenannten Atheismusstreit aufgrund des Aufsatzes von Fichte »Über den Grund unseres Glaubens an eine göttliche Weltregierung «, der Fichte so viele Schwierigkeiten bereitete. In diesem Artikel verteidigte Fichte den Gedanken, das Göttliche sei keine Substanz oder Objekt und keine Person, also kein theistischer Gott, sondern die moralische Ordnung – eine Vorstellung, die von der christlichen Kirche nicht akzeptiert werden konnte. Die Vorwürfe, er sei entweder Atheist oder Pantheist oder Nihilist oder ein bloß subjektiv Denkender, hat ihn stark getroffen und seinen Denkhorizont im Einklang mit dem neuen religiöseren Geist seiner kulturellen Umgebung verändert. (shrink)

This paper explores both differences and points of contact between selected contemporary theories of public ethics in the West and China. China is in a greater state of flux in this connection, with new, eclectic approaches to ethical justification for moral agency gaining prominence. There are thematic parallels between East and West in their distinct strains of institutionalism . However, there are recent Chinese theoretical proposals – many incorporating Western sources – that address this quandary, namely the institutional overdetermination of (...) moral agency. These proposals are joined to contributions from feminist and liberation ethics in a critical reconsideration of overridingness in formal ethics. Contemporary Chinese ethics connect moral claims to kin, community, and reciprocity networks, particularly as traditional philosophy is recovered in new theoretical syntheses. The grounding of Confucian ethics i.. (shrink)

El presente estudio tiene como finalidad el análisis e interpretación del componente erótico en la novela Daimón. Bajo este presupuesto teórico, se promueve un enfoque contradiscursivo en el que América es transfigurada en espacio erótico, donde el tiempo pagano se superpone a la temporalidad oficial, desatando una crítica continua que desafía lo que se considera como la verdad oficial de los hechos.

Mi proposición central es sencilla. El silencio es un fenómeno mucho más presente en el mundo jurídico que lo que apreciamos usualmente. Sin embargo, tanto la teoría del derecho como la doctrina han guardado un relativo silencio sobre el silencio en el derecho. Salvo notables excepciones, generalmente dirigidas al examen de aspectos puntuales, se ha procurado muy poco sistematizar la reflexión en torno a lo que el silencio entraña tanto para el carácter mismo del derecho como para la práctica jurídica. (...) Este trabajo, todavía en progreso, pretende contribuir en alguna medida a atender esa situación. Sé que me estoy tomando un riesgo, pues quizás el silencio sea uno de esos fenómenos inefables, inaprehensibles, sobre los que Wittgenstein advertía... (shrink)

El reto de los sistemas educativos ha sido proponer escenarios virtuales con mediación eficiente de tecnología que faciliten la evidencia de desarrollo tecnológico. Nuestra propuesta tiene como objetivo definir una estrategia de aprendizaje que permita el desarrollo tecnológico a través del uso de simuladores basados en IoT y la interacción de servidores en la nube para el almacenamiento de datos. Se pretende convertir al instructor en un guía tecnológico que permita verificar los resultados del aprendizaje. La propuesta facilita el desarrollo (...) de competencias computacionales enfocadas a la creación tecnológica con escenarios dinámicos y configurables para ser accesibles desde la web. (shrink)

The paper discusses the psychoanalytical notion of sublimation from the perspective of Freud’s the Unheimliche , which is nothing but a structure of contradictory signification without synthesis. The Unheimlich is responsible, in Lacan’s phrase, for the elevation “of any given object to the dignity a thing ( Ding )”. But such a process could also be the occasion for the glancing at the indignity of a thing.

A través de la historia de la antigua filosofía griega hubo algunos pensadores que, habiendo envejecido bastante, decidieron suicidarse por inanición. Demócrito, Anaxágoras, Zenón de Citio, Dionisio, Demonacte son los filósofos que consideraron su vejez como la edad propicia (Kairós) para morir voluntariamente de inanición. Esta clase de suicidio podría considerarse como una lectura tendenciosa de la doctrina escéptica de la epojé ("suspensión del juicio''). Parece que los estoicos la malinterpretaron así. Basado en los suicidios de Cleantes, Dionisio y Demonacte, (...) el autor de este artículo piensa que pudiera haber un nexo ideológico y oculto entre cómo reconocer el momento justo para (v.gr.) suicidarse y la suspensión del juicio propuesta (v.gr.) por Arcesilao de Pítana. (shrink)

RESUMENEl artículo quiere exponer el cambio que se produce en el pensamiento de Fichteentre 1800 y 1801, que marca la frontera del primer y el segundo Fichte. El principio de su filosofía pasa de ser el Yo absoluto a ser el Absoluto y el saber absoluto. Esto ocurre así a consecuencia de la polémica del ateísmo, de la acusación de nihilismo por parte de Jacobi, y del uso que Schelling hacía del Absoluto en su nueva filosofía de la identidad. Se (...) explica además cómo sucede ese cambio internamente en la Doctrina de la Ciencia, a partir de su síntesis final del mundo de los seres racionales o teoría de la relación interpersonal. Por último se interpreta esa evolución a la luz de la teoría fichteana de los cinco puntos de vista.PALABRAS CLAVESFICHTE, ABSOLUTO, POLÉMICA DEL ATEÍSMO, JACOBI, SCHELLINGABSTRACTThe article aims to explain the change that occurs in Fichte's thought between 1800 and 1801, which marks the border between the first and second Fichte. The principle of his philosophy was the absolute I, and now is the Absolute and the absolute knowledge. This occurs as a result of the controversy of atheism, the charge of nihilism by Jacobi, and Schelling’s use of the Absolute in his new philosophy of identity. It is also explained how this change happens internally in the Doctrine of Science, from the final synthesis of the world of rational beings or theory of interpersonal relationship. Finally these developments are interpreted in the light of Fichte's theory of the five points of view.KEY WORDSFICHTE, ABSOLUTE, CONTROVERSY OF ATHEISM, JACOBI, SCHELLING. (shrink)

This essay explores the philosophical productions of women from the Spanish speaking Caribbean. Here the Caribbean is understood as a multiplicitous and polyphonic space that exists amidst modernities engendered by colonization. I present the intellectual contributions of Luisa Capetillo, Ofelia Rodríguez Acosta, Petronila Angélica Gómez, Ochy Curiel, Yuderkys Espinosa Miñoso, and Yomaira Figueroa as fertile philosophical starting points from which to frame a feminist tradition of the Spanish‐speaking Caribbean that appreciates the multiple and often conflicting body of ideas that emerge (...) from within a sea of islands. (shrink)

This essay explores the philosophical productions of women from the Spanish speaking Caribbean. Here the Caribbean is understood as a multiplicitous and polyphonic space that exists amidst modernities engendered by colonization. I present the intellectual contributions of Luisa Capetillo, Ofelia Rodríguez Acosta, Petronila Angélica Gómez, Ochy Curiel, Yuderkys Espinosa Miñoso, and Yomaira Figueroa as fertile philosophical starting points from which to frame a feminist tradition of the Spanish-speaking Caribbean that appreciates the multiple and often conflicting body of ideas that emerge (...) from within a sea of islands. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie Jahrgang: 59 Heft: 1 Seiten: 34-53.